Which Muscle Moves the Hyoid Bone?

The hyoid bone is a small, U-shaped bone located in the neck. It is suspended from the skull by muscles and ligaments and helps to support the tongue and larynx. The hyoid bone is also involved in swallowing and speech.

Several muscles can move the hyoid bone, including:

* **Mylohyoid muscle:** This muscle is located in the floor of the mouth and inserts onto the hyoid bone. It helps to elevate the hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth during swallowing.
* **Geniohyoid muscle:** This muscle is located in the chin and inserts onto the hyoid bone. It helps to depress the hyoid bone and the tongue during swallowing.
* **Digastric muscle:** This muscle is located in the anterior neck and inserts onto the hyoid bone. It helps to elevate the hyoid bone and the larynx during swallowing.
* **Sternohyoid muscle:** This muscle is located in the anterior neck and inserts onto the hyoid bone. It helps to depress the hyoid bone and the larynx during swallowing.
* **Omohyoid muscle:** This muscle is located in the lateral neck and inserts onto the hyoid bone. It helps to depress the hyoid bone and the larynx during swallowing.

The muscles that move the hyoid bone are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).

**Clinical Significance**

The muscles that move the hyoid bone can be affected by a variety of conditions, including:

* **Trauma:** Trauma to the neck can damage the muscles that move the hyoid bone, leading to difficulty swallowing and speech.
* **Stroke:** A stroke can damage the hypoglossal nerve, which innervates the muscles that move the hyoid bone. This can lead to difficulty swallowing and speech.
* **Myasthenia gravis:** Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction. This can lead to weakness of the muscles that move the hyoid bone, resulting in difficulty swallowing and speech.

**Conclusion**

The muscles that move the hyoid bone are essential for swallowing and speech. These muscles can be affected by a variety of conditions, which can lead to difficulty swallowing and speech.

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