How to Find the Five Number Summary: A Step-by-Step Guide

Introduction

The five number summary is a set of five values that describe the distribution of a dataset. It consists of the following:

Minimum: The smallest value in the dataset
First Quartile (Q1): The median of the lower half of the dataset
Median: The middle value of the dataset
Third Quartile (Q3): The median of the upper half of the dataset
Maximum: The largest value in the dataset

Step-by-Step Guide to Finding the Five Number Summary

1. Arrange the Dataset in Order

First, arrange the data points in ascending order from smallest to largest.

2. Find the Minimum and Maximum

The minimum is the smallest value in the dataset, and the maximum is the largest value.

3. Find the Median

If the dataset has an odd number of data points, the median is the middle value. If it has an even number of data points, the median is the average of the two middle values.

4. Find the First and Third Quartiles

The first quartile is the median of the lower half of the dataset, and the third quartile is the median of the upper half of the dataset.

Example

Let’s say we have the following dataset:

Following the steps above, we can find the five number summary:

Minimum: 5
Q1: 7
Median: 9
Q3: 11
Maximum: 13

Conclusion

The five number summary is a useful tool for understanding the distribution of a dataset. It provides insights into the central tendency, spread, and extreme values of the data.

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