Why is Sodium Bicarbonate Used Instead of Sodium Hydroxide?
Sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide are both commonly used chemicals, but they have different properties that make them more suitable for different applications. Here’s why sodium bicarbonate is often preferred over sodium hydroxide.
1. pH and Alkalinity
Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base with a pH of about 8.3, while sodium hydroxide is a strong base with a pH of about 13. This means that sodium hydroxide is much more alkaline than sodium bicarbonate, and it can be corrosive to skin and other materials.
2. Reactivity
Sodium hydroxide is a very reactive chemical, and it can react violently with acids, metals, and other chemicals. Sodium bicarbonate is much less reactive, and it is generally safe to use in a wider range of applications.
3. Toxicity
Sodium hydroxide is toxic if ingested or inhaled, and it can cause skin and eye irritation. Sodium bicarbonate is much less toxic, and it is generally safe to use around food and children.
4. Cost
Sodium bicarbonate is a relatively inexpensive chemical, while sodium hydroxide is more expensive. This makes sodium bicarbonate a more cost-effective option for many applications.
When to Use Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate is a good choice for applications where a mild base is needed, such as:
- Baking
- Cleaning
- Deodorizing
- Fire extinguishing
- Water softening
When to Use Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide is a good choice for applications where a strong base is needed, such as:
- Soap making
- Drain cleaning
- Industrial cleaning
- Chemical synthesis
Conclusion
Sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide are both useful chemicals, but they have different properties that make them more suitable for different applications. Sodium bicarbonate is a good choice for applications where a mild base is needed, while sodium hydroxide is a good choice for applications where a strong base is needed.
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