What Happens When Ethylbenzene Reacts with Br2 in Sunlight?
When ethylbenzene reacts with Br2 in sunlight, it undergoes a radical addition reaction. This reaction is initiated by the absorption of a photon of light by Br2, which causes the molecule to dissociate into two bromine radicals.
These radicals then react with ethylbenzene, adding to the double bond to form a new carbon-bromine bond. The product of this reaction is 1,2-dibromoethane.
Mechanism of the Reaction
The mechanism of the reaction is as follows:
- Br2 absorbs a photon of light and dissociates into two bromine radicals.
- A bromine radical attacks the double bond in ethylbenzene, forming a new carbon-bromine bond.
- The other bromine radical attacks the carbon atom that is now bonded to the bromine radical, forming a second carbon-bromine bond.
- The product of the reaction is 1,2-dibromoethane.
Factors Affecting the Reaction
The rate of the reaction is affected by a number of factors, including:
- The concentration of Br2
- The intensity of the light
- The temperature
- The presence of inhibitors
Uses of the Reaction
The reaction of ethylbenzene with Br2 in sunlight is used in a number of industrial processes, including:
- The production of 1,2-dibromoethane, which is used as a solvent and a fumigant
- The production of polystyrene, which is used in a variety of plastic products
- The production of ethylbenzene, which is used as a fuel and a solvent
Safety Considerations
The reaction of ethylbenzene with Br2 in sunlight can be hazardous. Bromine is a corrosive and toxic gas, and it can cause skin burns and respiratory problems. It is important to take proper safety precautions when working with these chemicals.
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